As someone who spent a years in both public safety and in public libraries (and now combines the two experiences to manage security for a library), I approach library security with a practical, balanced lens: protect people, information, and assets while preserving the welcoming, accessible character that defines public libraries. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is not a rigid checklist to lecture patrons on, rather it’s a pragmatic framework that can be used to shape spaces, operations, and policies so libraries remain safe, serviceable, and inclusive to all.

My early career in law enforcement instilled disciplined risk assessment, incident documentation, and calm decision-making under pressure. These are skills that translate directly to libraries. In front-line and managerial library roles, I learned the operational realities that so few outside the industry seem to realize are constantly in conflict, this includes staffing limits, program variability, diverse patron needs, constrained budgets, and the importance of preserving intellectual freedom. The combination in approach of developing intention of space with accessibility can lead to solutions that are both easily implementable and mission aligned.

In practice, applying CPTED in libraries means starting with spaces and operational focused assessments. I’ve conducted numerous security and site assessments examining entry points, visibility in key zones (public/staff entrances, computer areas, meeting rooms, restrooms), lighting, staff sightlines, and public patterns of use. Those assessments don’t seek to turn libraries into a lock downed environment. Instead, they identify small, targeted changes that measurably reduce risk and make staff more effective at recognizing vulnerabilities, while helping to inform procedural practice when it’s needed.

Typical outcomes from those assessments include relatively low-cost physical adjustments and operational shifts. This can be routine items such as reconfiguring stacks and seating to improve observation, relocating service desks or establishing roving staff roles during high traffic periods, or improving interior and exterior lighting. These changes emphasize accessibility and comfort while addressing common vulnerabilities. In renovations and capital projects, I work with architects, project managers, facilities staff, and vendors to integrate security measures that respect both the aesthetic and functional goals of the space. When incorporating CPTED, this includes choosing durable, attractive materials, specifying lighting that reduces glare and shadows, and selecting furniture that is flexible rather than permanent barriers for patrons.

Of course, there is also the idea of security technology in libraries. Technology can be a useful complement when applied thoughtfully. I manage integrated security platforms, this includes IP cameras, access control, and intrusion systems, and have overseen camera placement, access control design, and intrusion monitoring for multiple branches. The key is to match technology to clearly defined policies that protect patron privacy and civil liberties for staff and patrons.

Programming and partnerships play a critical preventive role. Regular, visible programming creates predictable occupancy and fosters positive, accountable use of space. Partnerships with social services, use of outreach teams, and partnerships with both public and mental health agencies provide humane, non-punitive avenues for responding to recurring social issues such as substance use or mental health crises. There is a great value regarding interagency coordination. You want effective responses are collaborative, respectful of patron dignity, and focused on connection rather than exclusion. Which is often the core mission of any library.

Maintenance and ongoing care are often overlooked but powerful elements of prevention. Rapid repair of lighting, furniture, and fixtures, clear cleaning schedules for high-risk zones, and attention to landscaping and exterior signage communicate that the facility is cared for and can act as a deterrent. Design choices that reduce concealment contribute to an environment where staff and patrons feel safe at any hour when visiting these important public institutions.

Budget realities matter big time concerning many library systems. Many effective CPTED interventions are low-cost. This could be improvements around lighting, signage, or service point placement. These solutions can be piloted and reversable when needed, and this flexible approach matches the accessible nature and overall vibe libraries give to the community. For capital improvements, I have found great benefit in the involvement of library staff early so technical specifications reflect real operational needs and do not create burdensome workflows. I’ve managed projects where early staff input prevented costly mismatches between security technology, space layout, and daily library operational practices.

Finally, documentation and governance create much needed accountability. Regular audits of both physical conditions and procedures ensure that CPTED measures remain effective and respectful. In project management roles I’ve coordinated stakeholders across departments and agencies to translate policy into executable training and operational practices, ensuring procedures are realistic and easy to incorporate without compromising the library’s ultimate mission of access for all.

CPTED is not a one-size-fits-all prescription. It’s more of a practical mindset. The goals is to observe how people use space, identify realistic risks, and implement incremental, mission-aligned solutions that protect people while preserving public access to information and services. My combined background in law enforcement, library operations, and physical security has taught me that the best outcomes come from modest, evidence based changes paired with clear procedures, staff buy in, and community-centered partnerships. Those measures keep libraries safe and welcoming, reinforcing their role as the indispensable civic spaces that they are.